Ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

The Social Effects of Television Essay -- TV Media

The Social Effects of Television The social impacts of TV are various and unquestionably fluctuate in positive and negative manners. Since TV was first presented it’s been a huge piece of America’s society. TV began as a type of diversion that would be viewed by the family for an hour a night as a loosening up method of escaping from the worries of reality. TV has now transformed into perhaps the greatest business on the planet, and has more impact than anybody could have envisioned. Numerous individuals see TV as an exceptionally positive type of amusement, for what it's worth point of fact the most famous kind on the planet. There are additionally those individuals who state that TV will be the ruin of our general public and we are getting a lot to subject to it. TV permits the watcher to leave their regular day to day existence and go into a world brimming with fun, experience, and even love. TV is currently utilized by numerous youngsters for instructive purposes. Everybody has seen at any rate a tad bit of Barney, a show that assists kids with learning the letter set and numerous life exercises too. There are currently tens if not many shows that resemble Barney communicate everywhere throughout the world. These shows help a kid build up the social aptitudes that one needs at such a youthful age. TV can be contended to have united families. It may not be acceptable that supper is served before the TV now and again, however at any rate the family is together. In this universe of quick paced action, it is elusive a family that really plunks down to supper more than once every week. TV is ostensibly the best type of media and current data that can be found. Ordinarily of the week, 24 hours per day an individual can discover current news b... ...their lives are not at all like the ones seen on TV. TV is quick paced, energizing, and all the time a little over the edge. A huge downside of TV is that numerous individuals, ladies and men, see themselves as to a lesser extent an individual. Regularly, one isn't as excellent or as attractive as an individual seen on TV. Or on the other hand one isn't as savvy, or as great at sports as individuals on TV. TV can be viewed as a generally excellent thing to have come out of the twentieth Century, and it tends to be viewed as something that ought to never have been created. There is no contending however about the reliance and love numerous individuals have for TV. A significant part of the world, particularly America, relies upon TV for an extraordinary scope of things from instruction, to data, to amusement. TV has molded and changed our general public and our reality in manners that can never be completely comprehended.

Thinking Process Abnormalities in Schizophrenia

Thinking Process Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Schizophrenia Print Thinking Process Abnormalities in Schizophrenia From Distractibility to Incoherence By Adrian Preda, MD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 31, 2020 Schizophrenia Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Thomas Barwick / Stone / Getty Images In This Article Table of Contents Expand What Is a Thought Process? Circumstantial Thinking Tangential Thinking Derailment Clang Associations Incoherence Treatment For Loved Ones View All Its fairly common for people with schizophrenia to have trouble keeping their thoughts straight and expressing whats in their minds. Disorganized thinking is one of the primary symptoms of schizophrenia and it can lead to a variety of thought process disorders that cause disjointed thoughts, a collapse or sudden stop in thought process, randomly spoken words, and complete incoherence. In fact, schizophrenia is often referred to as a “formal thought disorder” because disordered or illogical thinking is one of its more common signs. Thought disorders are also seen in individuals with other psychiatric illness, including autism, bipolar disorder, mania, and major depressive disorder. What Is a Thought Process? Some argue that thinking is the essence of what makes us human. In a specific sense, thinking refers to an individuals ability to make decisions and solve problems. In a broader sense, thinking refers to the totality of experiences that happen inside one’s mind. This includes thoughts but also emotions, sensations, memories, and fantasies, which are the essential building blocks of the thinking “function.” Thought process refers to how the building blocks of thinking are linked to one another. From a process perspective, normal thinking is logical, coherent, and goal-directed. Simply put, it makes sense. Unfortunately, this normality is rarely encountered in people with schizophrenia. Positive Symptoms in Schizophrenia Thought Content vs. Thought Process Thinking is far from being a simple, static sum of these components. In fact, thinking is a process that links together all the disparate “thinking blocks” in a way that makes sense to both the individual and to the world. In other words, sound thinking requires the thinking blocks to be aligned in an orderly fashion, or in a logical or goal-directed way. It makes sense to try to understand thinking from two perspectives: thought content and thought process. Thought Content Abnormalities Auditory hallucinations (hearing voices and noises not based in reality) Delusions  (fixed, rigid, self-justified sets of ideas that are at odds with reality) Depersonalization/Derealization Grandiosity Thought Process Abnormalities Distractibility Circumstantial/Tangential thinking Derailment Clang associations Word salad (incoherence) Here is a closer look at some of the specific types of thought process abnormalities in people with schizophrenia. Distractibility For some patients, the degree of “disordered thinking” is mild and this often results in distractibility. A person can begin talking about one thing and then completely shift topics before completing his or her sentence. This is often due to nearby stimuli that interfere with the thought process. ?For example: I moved to New York after college ... what are you eating for lunch? Circumstantial Thinking The process of circumstantial thinking refers to when a person talks in circles, providing excessive and unnecessary detail before getting to the point. Heres an example from neuroscientist  and  neuropsychiatrist researcher Nancy Coover Andreasen: Question: “What is your name?”Response: Well, sometimes when people ask me I have to think about whether or not I will answer because some people think its an odd name even though I don’t really because my mom gave it to me and I think my dad helped but its as good a name as any in my opinion but yeah its Tom. Tangential Thinking Moderately disordered thinking includes tangential thinking, which is when someone moves from thought to thought but never seems to get to the main point. In this case, the thoughts are somewhat connected but in a superficial or tangential way. Example: “I really got mad as I was waiting in line at the grocery store. I cannot stand lines. Waiting and waiting. I waited for a long time to get my drivers license. Driving these days is just crazy.“ Derailment or Loose Associations In cases of severely disordered thinking, thoughts lose almost all connections with one another and become disconnected and disjointed. This illogical thinking is called derailment or loose associations. In simple terms, the thinking process is frequently derailed, characterized by very weak or loose associations. Heres an example from Swiss psychiatrist and eugenicist  Paul Eugen Bleuler: I always liked geography. My last teacher in that subject was Professor August A. He was a man with black eyes. I also like black eyes. There are also blue and grey eyes and other sorts, too… Clang Associations A type of loose association, clanging is when the individual chooses words based on sound (rhyming or pun associations) rather than meaning. Clang associations are part of a language disorder condition called schizophasia (often called word salad). At times, made-up words or neologisms are frequently present and the person may speak in a flat- or unusual-sounding voice. An example by Andreasen: I got so angry I picked up a dish and threw it at the geshinker. How Clang Associations Happen in Psychotic Episodes Incoherence In very severe cases, only the word structure is preserved but there are no discernable connections between words. This is incoherence (also known as word salad) makes it impossible to understand the individual’s thought process. Heres an example by Andreasen: Question: Why do people comb their hair?Response: Because it makes a twirl in life, my box is broken help me blue elephant. Isnt lettuce brave? I like electrons. Hello, beautiful. Treatment Treating thought process abnormalities in schizophrenia often includes medication, psychotherapy, life skills training, and family support. Medication: The right medication can help to reduce disordered thinking and improve thinking functioning. This may include antidepressants, mood stabilizers, or anti-anxiety medication alongside antipsychotics for long-term management of the symptoms of schizophrenia.Psychotherapy: Talk therapy, including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help you better identify thought process abnormalities and find ways to cope with unusual or dysfunctional ways of thinking.Social skills training: An inability to communicate your thoughts and feelings clearly can certainly take a toll on your family and social life as well as your work relationships. Social skills training can help you learn how to better communicate with others, despite your symptoms, so you can better navigate these relationships. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs For Loved Ones Family support is also a crucial part of treating and coping with thought disorders. It is important to become educated so you can better understand what it is like to live with schizophrenia and its many frightening and debilitating symptoms. Participating in individual or family therapy, or joining an in-person or online support group, can provide an outlet to express your emotions and frustrations. It can also give you strategies to better communicate with and support your loved one.

Racism in European Football Global Campaigns to Eliminate...

Football as it is know outside North America (Soccer) is among the most ubiquitous and beloved sport in the world. The worldwide audience for the FIFA World Cup typically exceeds 1 billion, and hundreds of thousands of spectators flock to watch their countries team participate. One of the fundamental concerns surrounding the game today revolves around the prolonged occurrence of racism, especially racial abuse to players by fans. Omi and Winant (1994) have identified, elements of racism with a strong correlation relating to sport, such as ‘temperament, athletic ability and sexuality. Given its recent history of anti-racist activity, English football is often cited as a figurehead example of challenging racism through popular culture and†¦show more content†¦The European Monitoring Centre on Racism and Xenophobia (EUMC) found that 10% of Internet sites managed by football fans expressed ‘racist, anti-Semitic and xenophobic views’. The report revealed that Italian and Spanish sites were more prone to racism, followed by German, Swiss, Austrian and British sites. (Balestri and Grasselli, 2002). In addition, new forms of social media, such as Facebook and Twitter, have offered an additional stage for the racial harassment of players from different ethnic backgrounds With the growth of technology, and an increase of non-white players from much different ethnical background, football is an easy target for racial slur. Futhermore, we see more racial actions inside the grounds of football clubs. Kassimeris, 2008 agrees by saying the conclusion seems inescap- able that football grounds provide one of the largest public arenas in which racism can be openly expressed. Just recently Dani Alves Barcelona FC defender was taking a corner kick when he had a banana thrown at him. He reacted to having a banana thrown by peeling it and then taking a bite. Former Barcelona striker Gary Lineker praised Alves. Picked it up, peeled it, ate it and proceeded to take the corner, he tweeted. Top response. The ex-England striker added: Utterly brilliant reaction from Alves. Treat the racist berk with complete disdain! (BBC Sport, 2014.) More drastic action has been noted when Kevin-Prince Boateng, fedShow MoreRelatedStrategic Analysis of Nike8813 Words   |  36 Pa gesHurley International LLC  designs, markets and distributes action sports and youth lifestyle footwear, apparel and accessories * Umbro  designs, distributes and licenses athletic and casual footwear, apparel and equipment, primarily for the sport of football (soccer) * Nike Golf  designs and markets golf equipment, apparel, balls, footwear, bags and accessories * Jordan Brand  designs and markets premium footwear, apparel and accessories inspired by the dynamic legacy, vision and direct involvementRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagesspecific point of disagreement that inspires someone to present an argument. The argument’s conclusion favors one side of the issue over the other. topic The general area of the issue. If the issue is whether Americans prefer southern European food to northern European food, then the topic might be American taste preferences. weigh the pros and cons In deciding on taking an action, you weigh the pros and cons by looking at alternative actions that can be taken, then considering the probable good Read MoreHuman Resources Management150900 Words   |  604 Pagestelecommunications. This shift has meant that some organizations have had to reduce the number of employees, while others have had to attract and retain employees with different capabilities than previously were needed. Additionally, pressures from global competitors have forced many U.S. firms to close facilities, adapt their management practices, and increase productivity and decrease labor costs in order to become more competitive. Finally, the explosive growth of information technology, particularly

New Developments in Management Accounting - 2268 Words

â€Å"The past 15 years have seen a series of new developments within Management Accounting to meet the ever changing needs of the organisation in the light of rapidly changing technologies†. The following will focus on new techniques and developments used in Management Accounting over the last 15 years, by looking at their origins and apparent necessity leading to their introduction within industry. Each development will be assessed individually providing its background, initiation, impact on the business environment and numerical examples of them in action, where appropriate. The developments will be Activity Based Costing (ABC), Throughput accounting (TA) and Just in Time (JIT). Activity Based Costing ABC is a developed costing system†¦show more content†¦Next the ‘cost driver’ needs to be established for each activity, commonly looked upon as the reason for the indirect cost to occur and be linked to the job, almost a variable cost of sorts, however it won’t necessarily be variable, it maybe semi-variable, either way it is seen as the major cause of the cost being incurred. Finally the finishing costs are assigned to activities based on the products demand per each activity, the higher the demand, the higher the cost. Here is an example of ABC in action: ABC Example COST CENTRE COSTS 250000 BROKEN DOWN INTO: VOLUME  £60,000 PURCHASING  £130,000 SET-UP  £60,000 ADDITIONAL INFO DIRECT LABOUR HOURS  £25,000 TOTAL PURCHASE ORDERS  £5,000 TOTAL NUMBER OF SET-UPS  £600 TOTAL MACHINE HOURS  £50,000 PER PURCHASE ORDER PLACED  £26 PER SET-UP  £100 PER VOLUME  £1.20 Therefore with product XYZ, we can allocate the indirect overheads like this: Basic information could be: MACHINE HOURS 100 LABOUR 150 SET-UPS 1 PURCHASE ORDERS 25 The overhead is made up of 3 aspects Purchase Order + Set-up + Productivity / volume Purchase order 25 X  £26 =  £650 Set-up 1 X  £100 =  £100 Productivity / volume 100 X  £1.20 =  £120  £870 Therefore total indirect overhead recoveredShow MoreRelatedResearch on the Influence of Informatization1698 Words   |  7 Pages 1 Research on The Influence of Informatization On The Accounting Theories and Practices and Real-time Control in China Yang Lu Fairleigh Dickinson University RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE OF INFORMATIZATION 2 Abstract The 21st century is an information age of rapid development and the computer is more and more widely used in every country. 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Via managerial accounting managers understood that good business results come from dynamic processes , procedures and practices that are well designed and properly implemented and managed. Certified management accountants are qualified to help their fellow managers achieve good business results because they have earned an advancedRead MoreStrategic Management Accounting : Cost Advantage And Differentiation Advantage996 Words   |  4 Pagesdifferentiation advantage) Traditional management accounting is cost driven with short-term pricing and profit motive. It is fragmented and has internal and financial focus. Strategic management accounting is market driven with long-term pricing and profit motive. It is integrated and has value and external focus. Strategic management accounting raises the issues and addresses the weaknesses of traditional management accounting in the modern market place. Strategic management accounting requires the applicationRead MoreManagement Accounting : The Father Of Accounting1415 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Accounting has be defined in various ways however almost every definition will describe it as a process that identifies, measures, analysis, and report data. Management accounting has not been the same since business started; it has come a long way from early member of civilisation using stone tablets for bookkeeping. Management accounting is used to aid managers make business decisions based on predicted figures and comparisons with actual figures. To follow is a detailed evaluationRead MoreRoles And Activities Of Management Accounting Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesChanges in roles and activities of management accounting due to rapid changes in technology, can be described on following points: a. Changes in activities of data collection and control With advanced in technology, most companies are using accounting software or even Enterprise Resource Planning (â€Å"ERP†) system (such as SAP, Oracle, etc.) has the potential to have significant impact on the work of management accountants, as it reduces routine information gathering and the processing of informationRead MoreThe Impact of Contingencies on Management Accounting System Development.1725 Words   |  7 PagesTheory on Management Accounting SYSTEM 1 3.0 THE IMPACT OF CONTINGENCIES ON MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT 2 ( i ) Environment 2 ( ii ) Strategies and mission 3 ( iii ) Technology 4 ( iv ) Firm interdependence 4 ( v ) Business unit, firm, and industry variables 5 ( vi ) Knowledge and observables factors 5 ( vii ) Culture 6 4.0 Summary and Conclusions 6 5.0 REFERENCE BOOKs 7 1.0 INTRODUCTION The management of a company needs to develop cost and management accountingRead MoreAcc 11410 Words   |  6 Pagesperformed in an organization, among which accounting is one of them. Define the accounting function and discuss how it differs from double-entry bookkeeping. Accountants analyze and interpret financial information, prepare financial statements, conduct audits, design accounting systems, prepare special business and financial studies, prepare forecasts and budgets, and provide tax services. Double-entry bookkeeping records the economic activities of a business. Accounting includes bookkeeping but duties areRead MoreThe Implementation Of Accounting Information Systems1037 Words   |  5 PagesWith the implementation of accounting information systems, accounting and corporate accounting management environment has undergone great changes, internal control mechanisms and instruments manual accounting system was not available for the network environment, the establishment of information systems and accounting internal control system adapted to become enterprises need to solve the problems. In the 1990s, with the development of global economic integration and information technology. InternetRead MoreQuestions On Strategic Information Systems1677 Words   |  7 PagesTRIMESTER 3 Table of Content Introduction: 3 History of the accounting software in Australia: 3 Market size of the accounting software: 4 Information about the Myob: 4 Value of Total size of accounting software: 4 Advantages of this accounting software used in Australia: 5 Service Gap at user forum: 5 Recommendations: 5 Conclusion: 6 References and Bibliography: 7 Appendices: 8 Introduction: According to Curtis (2015), accounting software is useful for every organisation to manage financial calculations

The Natives of New World Free Essays

Before the New World was discovered by Christopher Columbus, it was a land inhabited by tribes who have sun-kissed red skin. Even before America was recognized as the home of free white men, it was the American Indians who cultivated and tilled its land. The Native Americans – as most people refer them – have been essential in tracing the origins of the United States of America. We will write a custom essay sample on The Natives of New World or any similar topic only for you Order Now Europe had been conquering colonies to increase empiric power and accumulate rich resources. The only discovered areas at that time were called the â€Å"Old World† which included Europe, Africa, and Asia (Robertson, Stewart 51). A notable Italian sea-farer had been working on a new route to travel to Asia in a shorter time. Christopher Columbus thought of sailing west to be able to reach the east, an idea no one ever dared to consider. After many difficulties that he encountered in pursuing the voyage, Columbus landed on a fertile soil greeted by inhabitants which he recognized neither as Asians nor Africans. The natives were illustrated to have a complexion resembling the color of copper. Their physical attributes were further described as such: Their black hair, long and uncurled, floated upon their shoulders, or was bound in tresses around their heads. They had no beards, and every part of their bodies was perfectly smooth†¦Their features singular, rather than disagreeable†¦though not tall, they were well-shaped and active. Their faces, and several parts of their body, were fantastically painted with glaring colors. (71) They were gathered in tribes and were not clothed at that time. The natives were practically astonished by the arrival of the white-skinned settlers. The American Indians were believed to have migrated to the western hemisphere using the Bering land bridge. The land bridge connected a path from Siberia all the way to Alaska. Apparently, this bridge was used by the natives to follow the trend of the journey of animals during the ice age (Utter 7). By the time they reached the land, tribes settled and established their homes. Native American tribes were grouped according to blood-relations living in the same territory and spoke a common dialect (57). Each tribe has its own system of governing members for the purpose of survival and warfare. Tribes have existed even before the Europeans set foot on their land. By the time Christopher Columbus reached the Americas, Native American tribes greeted him and his people, with anxiety and curiosity. After the discovery of the New World, colonizers started flocking to the new land. Migrants from Europe traveled to America to start a new life and to conquer the rich untouched soil. Due to this massive influx of migrants, it started inflicting effects that endangered the natives. Epidemic diseases brought by the foreigners caused deaths among the American Indians. These diseases such as chickenpox and pneumonia did not prepare the natives to be immune from it (Thornton 28). This greatly reduced the number of Native American population during the time of colonization because of massive number of deaths. The era of conquest took the natives’ land and grabbed what wealth they have. Aside from this, they never escaped the commerce of slavery, sexual exploits and discrimination. In later years, the natives were forced to study and learned how to live like the white people. They were taught not to speak of their native language and to learn English and institutions were built for acculturation of the Caucasian culture (Nagel 115). These kinds of exploits and abuse prompted the natives to fight off the colonizers. They maybe outnumbered by the whites and their weapons were not a match against the pistols but they made sure they have defended themselves. These uprisings were known as the ‘Indian Wars’. It became the label for the fight against the natives, to completely eradicate their culture and identity from the New World (Utter 169). Before the acculturation happened, the lifestyle of the American Indians was as unique as their physical characteristics. Their spiritual life was governed by what they call ‘The Great Spirit. ’ The American Indians saw this spirit as the bearer of their good fortune. They give thanks to this supreme deity when they win battles, good harvest, and good health. On the contrary, they also have a spirit which was a counterpart of the Great one where bad luck was mostly associated (McIntosh 104). The natives hunted animals to be able to live and hunting not just became a necessity but also part of recreation. Hunting became a sport among the natives. By the time the settlers came, horses were re-introduced to them. They domesticated this animal and became part of their everyday lives. From carrying belongings, to hunting games as well as waging wars, horses became a huge part of the Native American society (Fuss Mellis 9). American Indians were described as lively people who enjoyed celebrations such as feasts. They prepared feasts for almost every major activity in their tribes. Feasts were accompanied with lively music, dancing, and prayers. These are celebrated after a hunting trip, in marriage, after curing the sick, after birth, and in funerals (McIntosh 164). The natives always incorporated their spirituality in these celebrations and this made the mark of their identity and culture. They have long been discriminated in their land and colonizers have tried to erase their culture in the New World. However, as time went by, American Indians still fought for the right to have their very own place in the land they once called their own. They fought to have freedom when it comes to religion and practicing their culture. The natives also strived to gain tribal sovereignty (Josephy, Nagel, Johnson 7). This fight for freedom took centuries for it to become part of a recognized set of laws. In 1975, the Self-Determination Act became one of the first laws that focused on giving the American Indians sovereignty within their own tribes (7). It can be said that this fight that the natives did, opened the doors for anti-discrimination movements. This inspired other minorities like the African Americans and other colored race to be treated equally as citizens. Theses minorities wanted to be citizens that have the same rights and privileges with the Whites. The struggle of the American Indians can be seen as a starting point for America to be known as the land of the free. Through the course of history, they have suffered and were persecuted in their own land. Their struggle for freedom became the bearer for other minorities to gain confidence in fighting for their right as well. If not for this struggle, America won’t recognize the essence of freedom with the absence of discrimination. America won’t be able to take pride in the land that they claimed to be free. How to cite The Natives of New World, Papers

The blowflies Essay Example

The blowflies Essay Background The insects that have been most extensively studied in relation to their forensic utilizations are the blow flies, members of the Calliphoridae fly household in peculiar their larvae because they are the insects most normally associated with cadavers. Blowflies are normally the first to colonize a organic structure after decease, frequently within hours. The larval phase is the chief period in which blow flies face limited nutrient resources, when the to the full adult 3rd instar larvae halt eating ; they normally migrate in hunt of a topographic point to pupate. Because blow fly pupae can supply utile forensic grounds it is of import to cognize where the pupae are likely to be located. Methodology This survey was carried out to look into a assortment of factors impacting the pupation behavior of two forensically of import species of blow fly larvae of Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata in dirt. We will write a custom essay sample on The blowflies specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The blowflies specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The blowflies specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The tunneling behavior of both species was studied in the research lab under controlled conditions. Larva of both Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata were used in six experiments for each status. Principle findings The chief findings were that most of the biological factors had an consequence on the burial behavior in Larvae of Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata. 1. Introduction Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata are two forensically of import species of blow flies since they can get within few proceedingss ( Payne 1965 ) or even few seconds ( DeJong 1995 ) following cadaver exposure. Because of this, the age of the oldest blow flies gives the most accurate grounds of the station mortem interval ( PMI ) . Many other species of fly, beetle and WASP are besides associated with cadavers ensuing in a sequence of insects geting at the organic structure, but as they tend to get after the blow flies, they are less utile in set uping a PMI. Blowfly infestations of human organic structures are a natural result of the flies function in the environment as primary decomposers. The larval infestations are an indispensable constituent of the natural recycling of organic affair and, on human organic structures ; they can supply critical grounds to the timing and cause of decease. Adult blow flies are good adapted to feeling and turn uping the beginnings of smells of decay, eggs are normally laid in dark and damp topographic points such as the eyes, oral cavity and unfastened sores. The eggs so rapidly hatch into first instar larvae which feed quickly, and shed their tegument twice to go through through 2nd and 3rd instars until they finish feeding, or one time the nutrient resource has become unavailable. After the to the full adult 3rd instar larvae halt eating and demo no farther response towards nutrient, depending on the species the larvae leave in hunt of a suited topographic point to pupate. They may travel many metres before tunneling into the dirt. The larva so contracts and the cuticle hardens and darkens to organize the puparium, within which the pupa transforms into an grownup fly. When the fly emerges, the empty puparial instance is left behind as grounds of the blow flies development. However, there are many biological factors that affect the pupation behavior of larvae in dirt. These factors include temperature, dirt wet content, dirt compression, every bit good as the consequence of pre entombment and high denseness. All the mentioned factors need to be considered when finding a PMI, nevertheless for many of them, small information is available. Furthermore, there are several surveies on the influence of temperature on the behavior of tunneling in larvae of blow flies such as the one done by Gomes ( 2009 ) . The survey of larvae burying behavior is of import to better apprehension of one of the procedure during larval scattering, and to seek and understand the influence of biological variables on this behavior The present survey was conducted to look into factors that influence the burial behavior in post-feeding 3rd instar blow fly larvae of Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata to measure if these two species have a different pupation form in the different interventions. 2. Materials and Methods C. vomitoria and L. sericata were collected ; one 1000 and 60 of each species in the concluding 3rd instar phase were used for these experiments. The dirt used was John Innes No 2 potting compost ; all six experiments were carried out utilizing the chief stuffs mentioned. 2.1. Determination of normal burial deepness and how this is affected by temperature Nine plastic containers were filled with dirt to a deepness of 24cm and were placed in an brooder so as to let the dirt to make the temperatures required. Three of the containers had to make 10AÂ °C, the other three had to make a temperature of 20AÂ °C, and the balance each at 28AÂ °C. Fifteen larvae of Lucilia were so placed onto the dirt surface of each of the containers ; three at 10AÂ °C, 20AÂ °C and 28AÂ °C. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and the clip of how long it took the larvae to tunnel into the dirt was observed, i.e. , how long is it before the first and last larva burrows down. Similarly observations were made to see whether the larvae resurface and how if they do how shortly. A sum of 18 containers were so covered with muslin fabric kept steadfastly in place by a gum elastic set and left for seven yearss. 2.2. Determination of the consequence of wet content Six plastic containers were filled with dirt to a deepness of 24cm, so 100ml of H2O was added to three of the containers and these were labelled as moist. 500ml of H2O was added to each of the balance and these were labelled as moisture. The containers were so left for 40 proceedingss in order for the H2O to be absorbed, after which 15 larvae of Lucilia were added into each of the six containers, three moisture and three moist. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and so the clip of how long it took for the larvae to tunnel into the dirt was counted and all twelve containers were placed into an brooder at 20AÂ °C. 2.3. Determination of the consequence of pre-burial 1 centimeter of dirt was added to the underside of a fictile container, and 15 larvae of Lucilia were added and covered with 10cm bed of dirt, and this was replicated twice. Besides 10cm bed of dirt was added to the underside of another container, and 15 larvae of Lucilia were added but this clip they were covered with 20cm bed of dirt and this was replicated twice. The exact same was done to the larvae of Calliphora. After the larvae were buried to a deepness of 10cm or 20cm, observations were made to look into how long it took for the first maggot to make the surface, and the figure of larvae on the surface was counted at 15, 30, 45 and 60 proceedingss. All 12 containers were so placed in an brooder at 20AÂ °C. 2.4. Determination of the consequence of dirt compression Dirt was compacted into six containers to a deepness of 24cm, and so 15 larvae of Lucilia were added to each of the three containers. Besides 15 larvae of Calliphora were added to the other three containers, and observations were made to look into how long it took for the larvae to tunnel into the dirt, i.e. , how long was it before the first and last larva were burrowed. All six containers were incubated at 20AÂ °C and so left for seven yearss. 2.5. Determination of the consequence of larval denseness Three fictile containers were filled with extremely heavy dirt to a deepness of 24cm, and 150 larvae of Lucilia were added to each container. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and observations were so made to see how long it took for the first and last larvae to tunnel down. All six containers were covered with muslin fabric kept steadfastly in place by a gum elastic set and incubated at 20AÂ °C. 2.6. Determination of the distance moved by the post-feeding phase of C. vomitoria and L. sericata from their eating site 500 post-feeding larvae of the two species were released on a grassland country on the Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moore University, UK. After 7 yearss dirt nucleus samples were taken from the environing dirt and were searched in order to turn up the pupae. After the larvae pupated in all of the experiments, they were located and removed from the dirt as follows: a line was drawn every 2cm on the side of all the containers up until a dirt deepness of 24cm utilizing a lasting marker pen, after which the figure of pupae found on the surface was counted and removed. Furthermore, each 2cm bed of dirt was so carefully removed utilizing a spatula and placed onto a fictile sheet where it was exhaustively searched, and the figure of all the pupae of all the containers of the five experiments was calculated. All five experiments were undertaken at a lab temperature of 20AÂ °C. However, there are many biological factors that affect the pupation behavior of larvae in dirt. These factors include temperature, dirt wet content, dirt compression, every bit good as the consequence of pre entombment and high denseness. All the mentioned factors need to be considered when finding a PMI, nevertheless for many of them, small information is available. Furthermore, there are several surveies on the influence of temperature on the behavior of tunneling in larvae of blow flies such as the one done by Gomes ( 2009 ) . The survey of larvae burying behavior is of import to better apprehension of one of the procedure during larval scattering, and to seek and understand the influence of biological variables on this behavior The present survey was conducted to look into factors that influence the burial behavior in post-feeding 3rd instar blow fly larvae of Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata to measure if these two species have a different pupation form in the different interventions. 2. Materials and Methods C. vomitoria and L. sericata were collected ; one 1000 and 60 of each species in the concluding 3rd instar phase were used for these experiments. The dirt used was John Innes No 2 potting compost ; all six experiments were carried out utilizing the chief stuffs mentioned. 2.1. Determination of normal burial deepness and how this is affected by temperature Nine plastic containers were filled with dirt to a deepness of 24cm and were placed in an brooder so as to let the dirt to make the temperatures required. Three of the containers had to make 10AÂ °C, the other three had to make a temperature of 20AÂ °C, and the balance each at 28AÂ °C. Fifteen larvae of Lucilia were so placed onto the dirt surface of each of the containers ; three at 10AÂ °C, 20AÂ °C and 28AÂ °C. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and the clip of how long it took the larvae to tunnel into the dirt was observed, i.e. , how long is it before the first and last larva burrows down. Similarly observations were made to see whether the larvae resurface and how if they do how shortly. A sum of 18 containers were so covered with muslin fabric kept steadfastly in place by a gum elastic set and left for seven yearss. 2.2. Determination of the consequence of wet content Six plastic containers were filled with dirt to a deepness of 24cm, so 100ml of H2O was added to three of the containers and these were labelled as moist. 500ml of H2O was added to each of the balance and these were labelled as moisture. The containers were so left for 40 proceedingss in order for the H2O to be absorbed, after which 15 larvae of Lucilia were added into each of the six containers, three moisture and three moist. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and so the clip of how long it took for the larvae to tunnel into the dirt was counted and all twelve containers were placed into an brooder at 20AÂ °C. 2.3. Determination of the consequence of pre-burial 1 centimeter of dirt was added to the underside of a fictile container, and 15 larvae of Lucilia were added and covered with 10cm bed of dirt, and this was replicated twice. Besides 10cm bed of dirt was added to the underside of another container, and 15 larvae of Lucilia were added but this clip they were covered with 20cm bed of dirt and this was replicated twice. The exact same was done to the larvae of Calliphora. After the larvae were buried to a deepness of 10cm or 20cm, observations were made to look into how long it took for the first maggot to make the surface, and the figure of larvae on the surface was counted at 15, 30, 45 and 60 proceedingss. All 12 containers were so placed in an brooder at 20AÂ °C. 2.4. Determination of the consequence of dirt compression Dirt was compacted into six containers to a deepness of 24cm, and so 15 larvae of Lucilia were added to each of the three containers. Besides 15 larvae of Calliphora were added to the other three containers, and observations were made to look into how long it took for the larvae to tunnel into the dirt, i.e. , how long was it before the first and last larva were burrowed. All six containers were incubated at 20AÂ °C and so left for seven yearss. 2.5. Determination of the consequence of larval denseness Three fictile containers were filled with extremely heavy dirt to a deepness of 24cm, and 150 larvae of Lucilia were added to each container. The same was done to the larvae of Calliphora, and observations were so made to see how long it took for the first and last larvae to tunnel down. All six containers were covered with muslin fabric kept steadfastly in place by a gum elastic set and incubated at 20AÂ °C. 2.6. Determination of the distance moved by the post-feeding phase of C. vomitoria and L. sericata from their eating site 500 post-feeding larvae of the two species were released on a grassland country on the Byrom Street Campus, Liverpool John Moore University, UK. After 7 yearss dirt nucleus samples were taken from the environing dirt and were searched in order to turn up the pupae. After the larvae pupated in all of the experiments, they were located and removed from the dirt as follows: a line was drawn every 2cm on the side of all the containers up until a dirt deepness of 24cm utilizing a lasting marker pen, after which the figure of pupae found on the surface was counted and removed. Furthermore, each 2cm bed of dirt was so carefully removed utilizing a spatula and placed onto a fictile sheet where it was exhaustively searched, and the figure of all the pupae of all the containers of the five experiments was calculated. All five experiments were undertaken at a lab temperature of 20AÂ °C. 3. Statistical Analysis The consequences were expressed as the mean and standard divergence ( S.D ) . The Chi-Square trial was performed to find whether the ascertained frequence distribution differs significantly from the expected one. 4. Results A ; treatment 4.1. Determination of normal burial deepness and how this is affected by temperature The larvae of Calliphora vomitoria burrowed themselves deeper at a temperature of 10AÂ °C to pupate, whereas the larvae of Lucilia sericata remained closer to the surface at the lower and higher temperatures used in this experiment. L.sericata shows normal distribution at 10AÂ °C, nevertheless it stops tunneling at a deepness of 14cm. In contrast, C.vomitoria continues to tunnel to a deepness of 24 but is non equally distributed. The Chi square trial was done for this experiment in order to see if there was a important difference between the specific temperatures used as the graph did nt demo clear differences. The consequences from the trial showed that the distribution of C.vomitoria and L. sericata at a temp of 10AÂ °C was important? 2 ( df 2 ) = 18.30 P gt ; 5.99, ? 2 ( df 2 ) = 17.85 P gt ; 5.99, besides at a temperature of 20AÂ °C for C.vomitoria it was found to be important? 2 ( df 2 ) = 6.49 P gt ; 5.99, and for L. Sericata? 2 ( df 2 ) = 18.30 P gt ; 5.99 important distribution. 4.2. Determination of the consequence of wet content The two species of larvae burrowed themselves up until a deepness of 10cm ; remained close to the surface to pupate in moisture and damp dirt conditions. However, the figure of pupae of C.vomitoria was high in wet dirt. In contrast, the figure of pupae of L.sericata was high in damp dirt. 4.3. Determination of the consequence of pre-burial 4.4. Determination of the consequence of dirt compression It is clear from the consequences that biological factors studied have a important consequence on the burying behavior of the two species of larvae studied in this experiment. The rate of development of all insects is straight dependent on the ambient conditions, chiefly temperature. Between upper and lower thresholds, which vary between species, the higher the temperature, the faster the insects will develop ; the lower the temperature, the slower they will develop. If the ambient temperatures during the period of development are known, so the minimal PMI can be determined. Temperature affected the tunneling behavior of larvae anterior to pupation ( Fig.1 ) . At low temperatures, the metabolic rate may be markedly reduced and this could ensue in greater organic structure weight and a inclination to tunnel deeper in order to get away low temperatures ( Grassberger and Reiter 2002 ) 5. Recognition I would wish to thank Dr Alan Gun for back uping the research reported by supplying the information and equipment. I would besides wish to thank Dr Jeri Bird for his aid in the information analysis. Thankss besides to my lab spouses and co-workers for their aid and support. 6. Mentions Clark, K. , Evans, L. A ; Wall, R. ( 2006 ) Growth rates of the blow fly Lucilia sericata on different organic structure tissues. Forensic Science International 156, 145-149 DeJong GD. An Annotated Checklist of the Calliphoridae ( Diptera ) Of Colorado, With Notes on Carrion Associations and ForensicImportance. Journal of Kansas Entomological Society, 1995 ; 67 ( 4 ) : 378-385. Gomes, L. , Gomes, G. , A ; Von Zuben, C.L. ( 2007 ) the influence of temperature on the behavior of tunneling larvae of blow flies, Chrysomya albiceps and Lucilia cuprina, under controlled conditions. Journal of insect science.9, 1536-2442 Gomes, L. , Sanches, M.R. A ; Von Zuben, C.J. ( 2004 ) Dispersal and Burial Behaviour in Larvae of Chrysomya megacephala and Chrysomya albiceps ( Diptera: Calliphoridae ) . Journal of insect behavior 18, 282-292 Grassberger, M. A ; Reiter, C. ( 2002 ) Consequence of temperature of development of the forensically of import holarctic blow fly Protophormia terraenovae ( Robineau-Desvoidy ) ( Diptera: Calliphordae ) . Forensic Science international 128, 177-182 Gunn, A. ( 2009 ) Essential Forensic Biology. 2nd edition, Wiley 214-251 Payne JA. A Summer Carrion Study of the Baby Pig Sus scrofa Linnaeus.Ecology, 1965 ; 46 ( 5 ) : 592-602. Singh, D. , A ; Bala, M. ( 2009 ) the consequence of famishment on the larval behavior of two forensically of import species of blow flies ( Diptera: Calliphoridae ) . Forensic Science international 193, 118-121 Tullis K and Goff ML. Arthropod Succession in Exposed Carrion in tropical Rainforest on Ohau Island, Hawaii. Journal ofMedical Entomology, 1987 ; 24: 332-339. Wooldridge, J. , Scrase, L. , A ; Wall, L. ( 2007 ) Flight activity of the blow flies, Calliphora vomitoria and Lucilia sericata, in the dark. Forensic Science International 172, 94-97 Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Blow fly life rhythm. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nlm.nih.gov/visibleproofs//education/entomology/blow_fly_life_cycle.pdf Accessed 09/01/2010

The History of Mobile Homes

The History of Mobile Homes A  mobile home is a  prefabricated  structure built in a factory on a permanently attached chassis before being transported to a  site (either by being towed or on a trailer). Used as permanent  homes or for holiday and temporary accommodation, they are usually left permanently or semi-permanently in one place. However, they can be moved since property may be required to relocate from time to time for legal reasons. Mobile  homes  share the same historic origins as  travel trailers. Today the two are very different in size and furnishings, with travel trailers being used primarily as temporary or vacation homes. Behind the cosmetic work fitted at installation to hide the base, there are strong trailer frames, axles, wheels, and tow-hitches. The Earliest Moveable Homes The first examples of mobile homes can be traced back to the roaming bands of gypsies  who traveled with their horse-drawn mobile homes as far back as the 1500s. In America, the first mobile homes were built in the 1870s. These were movable beach-front properties  built in the Outer Banks region of North Carolina. The homes were moved by teams of horses. Mobile homes as we know them today came about in 1926 with automobile-pulled trailers or Trailer Coaches. These were designed as a home away from home during camping trips. The trailers later evolved into mobile homes that were brought into demand after World War II ended. Veterans came home needing housing and found dwellings to be in short supply. Mobile homes provided cheap and quickly built housing for the veterans and their families (the beginning of the baby boom) and being mobile allowed the families to travel where the jobs were. Mobile Homes Get Bigger In 1943, trailers averaged a width of eight  feet and were more than 20 feet in length. They had up to three to four separate sleeping sections, but no bathrooms. But by 1948, lengths had gone up to 30 feet and bathrooms were introduced. Mobile homes continued to grow in length and widths such as doublewide. In June of 1976, the United States Congress passed the National Manufactured Housing Construction and Safety Act (42 U.S.C.), which assured that all homes were built to tough national standards. From Mobile Home to Manufactured Housing In 1980, congress approved changing the term mobile home to manufactured home. Manufactured homes are built in a factory and must conform to a federal building code. A  tornado might cause minor damage to a site-built home, but it could do significant damage to a factory-built home, especially an older model or one that is not properly secured. Seventy mile-per-hour winds can destroy a mobile home in a matter of minutes. Many brands offer optional hurricane straps, which can be used to tie the home to anchors embedded in the ground. Mobile Home Parks Mobile homes are often situated in land-lease communities known as  trailer parks. These communities allow homeowners to rent space on which to place a home. In addition to providing space, the site often provides basic utilities such as water, sewer, electricity, natural gas and other amenities such as mowing, garbage removal, community rooms, pools, and playgrounds. There are thousands of trailer parks in the United States. Although most parks appeal to meeting basic housing needs, some communities specialize towards certain segments of the market such as senior citizens.

A Look At Sumer in Ancient History

A Look At Sumer in Ancient History In about 7200 B.C., a settlement, Catal Hoyuk (Çatal Hà ¼yà ¼k), developed in Anatolia, south-central Turkey. About 6000 Neolithic people lived there, in fortifications of linked, rectangular, mud-brick buildings. The inhabitants mainly hunted or gathered their food, but they also raised animals and stored surplus grains. Until recently, however, it was thought the earliest civilizations began somewhat further south, in Sumer. Sumer was the site of what is sometimes called an urban revolution affecting the entire Near East, lasting about a millennium, and leading to changes in government, technology, the economy, and culture, as well as urbanization, according to Van de Mieroop A History of the Ancient Neareast. Sumers Natural Resources For civilization to develop, the land must be fertile enough to support an expanding population. Not only did early populations need a soil rich in nutrients, but also water. Egypt and Mesopotamia (literally, the land between rivers), blessed with just such life-sustaining rivers, are sometimes referred to together as the Fertile Crescent. The 2 rivers Mesopotamia lay between were the Tigris and the Euphrates. Sumer came to be the name of the southern area near where the Tigris and Euphrates emptied into the Persian Gulf. Population Growth in Sumer When the Sumerians arrived in the 4th millennium B.C. they found two groups of people, the one referred to by archaeologists as Ubaidians and the other, an unidentified Semitic people- possibly. This is a point of contention Samuel Noah Kramer discusses in New Light on the Early History of the Ancient Near East, American Journal of Archaeology, (1948), pp. 156-164. Van de Mieroop says the rapid growth of population in southern Mesopotamia may have been the result of semi-nomadic people in the area settling down. In the next couple of centuries, the Sumerians developed technology and trade, while they increased in population. By perhaps 3800 they were the dominant group in the area. At least a dozen city-states developed, including Ur (with a population of maybe 24,000- like most population figures from the ancient world, this is a guess), Uruk, Kish, and Lagash. Sumers Self-Sufficiency Gave Way to Specialization The expanding urban area was made up of a variety of ecological niches, out of which came fishermen, farmers, gardeners, hunters, and herdsmen [Van de Mieroop]. This put an end to self-sufficiency and instead prompted specialization and trade, which was facilitated by authorities within a city. The authority was based on shared religious beliefs and centered on the temple complexes. Sumers Trade Led to Writing With an increase in trade, the Sumerians needed to keep records. The Sumerians may have learned the rudiments of writing from their predecessors, but they enhanced it. Their counting marks, made on clay tablets, were wedge-shaped indentations known as cuneiform (from cuneus, meaning wedge). The Sumerians also developed monarchy, the wooden wheel to help draw their carts, the plow for agriculture, and the oar for their ships. In time, another Semitic group, the Akkadians, migrated from the Arabian Peninsula to the area of the Sumerian city-states. The Sumerians gradually came under the political control of the Akkadians, while simultaneously the Akkadians adopted elements of the Sumerian law, government, religion, literature, and writing. SourcesMost of this introductory article was written in 2000. It has been updated with material from Van de Mieroop, but still depends mainly on the old sources, some of which are no longer available online: (http://loki.stockton.edu/~gilmorew/consorti/1anear.htm) The Middle East Inner Asia: A World Wide Web Research Institute(art-arena.com/iran1.html) MapBlack and white map shows the Near East from 6000-4000 B.C.(wsu.edu:8080/~dee/MESO/SUMER.HTM) The SumeriansClear, well-written history of the Sumerians, from Richard Hookers World Cultures Site.(eurekanet.com/~fesmitha/h1/ch01.htm) Genesis in SumerFrank Smithas chapter on the Sumerians includes information on education, religion, slavery, the role of women, and more. [Now at Sumer]

Working with and Leading People Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Working with and Leading People - Assignment Example The responsibility of the managing director is to identify the leaders and motivate them to lead the groups to achieve the overall objectives of the organization. Recruitment and selection is the process of hiring the right person for a job opportunity. The employees are at the core of the success of any organization. Thus, recruiting the individual with an appropriate set of skills is extremely important for fulfilling the overall objective of the organization. Recruitment is considered to be a positive aspect, while selection is regarded to be a negative aspect as it involves the rejection of applications and selects only the best individual suitable for the job opportunity (Randhawa, 2007). Recruitment is the process of attracting individuals for a job opening on a timely basis in large numbers and with the appropriate qualifications (Gusdorf, 2008).Both internal and external factors influence the recruitment process of an organization. The internal factors includes the expansion plan and size of the organization, the cost involved in the recruitment process, salary package, work culture, geographical expansion of the organization etc. Socio- economic factors, supply and demand conditions in the skilled labour market, political and legal considerations are some of the external factors influencing the recruitment process (Randhawa, 2007). Human resource planning is the identification of the present and future human resource need of an organization. Job analysis is the process of determining the tasks need to performed, how they are carried on and what are the qualities required to perform the job successfully (Prien et.al, 2009). After human resource planning and job analysis, the managing director must decide the number and type of recruits required and selects a particular recruitment method. Advertising in newspapers, magazine, career websites trade journals etc. is an effective method of recruitment. The health care company can also establish

Was the conflict that took place in Finland during 1918 a war of Essay

Was the conflict that took place in Finland during 1918 a war of independence or a civil war - Essay Example The movement has become known to be a civil disobedience movement launched by the citizens of Finland but on the other hand some people deny calling it a civil disobedience movement but rather call it a war of independence fought by the citizens of Finland. Different events led to the war fought between the citizens of Finland and these shall be analyzed in this essay. The citizens of Finland were divided into the Democrats (Reds) and Conservatives (Whites) and they both fought with each other to retain power of the state. All this happened in the year 1918 when Russia itself became affected by the World War One. World War I is known to play a significant role in the independence of Finland. In my view 1918 was a year in which civil disobedience movement was launched by the two factions which ultimately led to the independence of the state. In other words the movement started as a civil disobedience movement but turned out to be a war of independence because of the events that took p lace in the World War I (Arter 1999; Jussila et al 1999; Alapuro 1998; Jutikkala et al 2003). Start of the Conflict The Civil war in Grand Duchy started in the 1918 but it could always be expected after the growing tensions between Russia and Germany in 1914. Finland had been a source of raw material, weapons and army and it was the interest of both the states from the very beginning. The German empire always had a keen interest in the state of Finland as it provided a path for entering Russia. In the nineteenth century the relations between the Finnish and Russians were quite peaceful because of which there were no conflicts in between them. However after 1899, Russia began the process of Russification in which they integrated the Russian language in all the schools of Finland and tried to enhance their military power on the Grand Duchy. This was considered as the beginning of the oppression in Finland. The relationships between Russia and Finland were thereafter not peaceful as th ey used to be. The problems were further aggravated when the Tsar of Finland Nicholas II carried out the activities of Russification in throughout the beginning of the 20th century. His policies were not famous amongst the working class people of Finland and many workers were opposing his activities. Nicholas II made the parliament a mere advisor and snatched away all the powers from the Parliament. Hence it was Nicholas II who was to decide everything on the issues of Finland. This led to the famous revolutions known as February Revolution and the October Revolution (Alapuro 1988; Jussila et al 1999). February Revolution The Russification of Finland did not stop but rather a second wave of Russification started in 1908 and it did not stop until the Finns took an action. The Russian Tsars Nicholas II was removed from the parliament in 1917 to provide all the rights to the parliament which they deserved. The February Revolution took place because of the downfall of the Russian empire in 1917 following the World War I. The power of Tsar were transferred to the Russian Duma and provisional government following the revolution. The status of Finland was revived as an autonomous state as it used to be without any interference of the Russian Empire in its policies (Smith 1955; Jussila et al 1999). After revolts in Russia the power was transferred to the four main parties in Finland which were Finnish Party, Young Finnish Party, Agarian League and Swedish People’

The Success of Dell Computer :: GCSE Business Management Coursework

The Success of Dell Computer 1. How and why did the personal computer industry come to have such low average profitability? The PC industry has started to develop fast in the 80's when IBM launched its first PC series and later on when numerous small companies entered the market. PC is a new product and companies had to create the demand to it from the scratch. We shall apply the Porter's 5 Forces model to examine the PC market and see how forces of competition influence the profitability of the market players. (See Appendix 1 for detailed description of how does certain parameter influence the market.) Entrance barriers are: The initial investment is relatively low (1.1) Brand loyalty is average to low (1.2) Switching costs of the market player are average. (1.3) The threat of new competitors lowers the profitability of the market Customers bargaining power: It is very hard for the customers to join forces and fight for their interests. (2.1) According to the modern way of life the need for computer in every work place and home is high which decreases even more the power of the customers. However, the switching costs are low (2.2) In general the customer bargaining power is low and therefore it raises the potential of market's profitability. Though, most of the companies provide "buy-backs" and price protection that lessens the chance to cash on moderately strong manufacturers position. Suppliers bargaining power Suppliers are divided into 2 major groups: (3.1) See the attached table (3.2) for the detailed description what parameters influence the suppliers’ powers. The suppliers bargaining power is generally strong because of the big monopolies and the high importance of purchasing components and operating system, therefore it decreases the profitability of the market players. Threat of substitute goods Substitute goods are different on for different market segments see (4.1) For most of the customers these substitute products cannot satisfy the needs covered by PC computers. The lack of suitable substitutes raises the industry profitability. Complimentary products product market is rapidly growing and therefore it raises the industry profitability. Rivalry among established firms is fierce. There are several factors that illustrate this: established market players (6.1). The product is highly standardized and the switching costs of the customers are low. Players are aggressive (6.2) Business environment. PC industry is affected by two opposite forces: technological advance that pushes the industry forward and the industry sensitivity to economical stagnation (if the economical situation is bad customers won't upgrade their computers).

Impressionism and Earth Art

Impressionism and Earth Art When one hears the term Impressionism or Earth Art, one can already presume and expect what sort of depiction each movement would present without having any prior knowledge of them. Impressionism, which began in the sass's, often depicted scenes and the artists' impression of nature and, modest yet vivacious quarters of Paris. Now almost exactly one hundred years later, a completely new form of art takes the place of the prior paintings of those subject matters, actually inside -called Earth Art. In France, 1875, a new genre of painting began to emerge.These paintings demonstrated a fleeting outcome of colors. Impressionists aimed to capture that immediate moment of their subjects which provided a sense of spontaneity. These sudden bursts of color and light had taken the public by surprise -who had adapted to observing rather conservative, academic paintings with somber shades of colors. It was the first most dramatic change in style, expression and revolu tionized painting throughout Europe and eventually the world. For Earth artists, they all had similar objectives as well.It was now taking their imaginations to the outdoors as well as raise awareness towards the environment. This form of art is almost like three- emotional version of Impressionism landscape pieces, but with a more defined arrangement and form. Earth artists made of use of the materials the landscapes offered such as dirt and rocks. The leaders of their respective movements, Claude Monet and Robert Smithson both began completely new eras of art. Claude Monet started off as a realist and Robert Smithson started as a conceptual artist.Monet wanted to create an impression of what he saw and defied the norms of realistic, bibliographic paintings. The thickness and low consistency of his oil paints allowed him to dramatically express his impression of his subject matter. His paintings mainly consist of landscapes, water lilies in particular. Smithson also took the initia tive to start something completely new. Smithson pieces were meant to gradually perish through time and nature. It was a theme throughout all his works, whether it was his art or his writing -the theme of time.Smithson aimed and successfully displayed the delicateness of nature in such a commercial environment. In 1873, Motet's pieces entitled Impression; Sunrise initiated the spark which would soon become Impressionism. Louis Leroy, the critic, declared this painting incomplete, that it was solely a sketch of Motet's impression and this resulted in the hole movement being coined by this piece. Monet conveys vague forms through his short, natural brushstrokes of his oil paints. The constant altering of light and color are effectively represented through the shadows and contrasting of the pure colors.This piece, Spiral Jetty (1970), is already exceptional in a sense that there is no exact set way to observe it. From afar, from above, up close, each different view gives off a differen t sensation. Smithson implements the use of black basalt, limestone rocks, dirt and the earth itself to create this seemingly effortless spiral. It is a staggering Engel of 1,600 feet, smoothly extending into Salt Lake City, Utah. Both pieces use a body of water as the foreground, but different focal points. Motet's piece has a dark boat figure and bright sun which contrasts the more composed shades of green, blues and yellows.Spiral Jetty doesn't necessarily contrast greatly color-wise but in form. The elongated, linear movement of the spiral with a Jagged texture is distinct from the uniformity of the ocean. Initially looking at the two pieces, Haystacks, Morning Snow Effect and Spiral Hill, there is already a similarity in form of the central objects. The haystack and the hill ACH have a trilateral shape and upward motion. Smithson evidently creates circular motion up the hill. Often through the use of circular motion and shapes, he demonstrates his theme of time, the chronologic al cycle.Through Motet's piece, he also embraces the notion of time but more so of a moment in time. Although the brushstrokes of the oil paints are rather rough, the softness of the colors and contrasts emit the serenity of a winter morning. The appropriate choices of colors, the soft yellows, blues and grey, capture the essence of the bitter cold winter morning but also the warmth of a morning sun. The murky cast shadow of the haystack illustrates the progression and movement of the sunrise. This atmosphere in Motet's painting clearly depicted and established whereas Smithson piece is transposable.Depending on the time and day at Men, Holland, the weather can alter the impression it imprints. Wet, gloomy weather versus a warm summer day, each produce a different foreground. Rain or snow, along with the black soil and white sand that Smithson utilized for this piece, can affect the color and shade of the materials as well as the texture. Though Claude Monet and Robert Smithson idea s are a century apart, they both had significant effect on society and the history of art. Their contributions and efforts lead art history to keep moving to what it is today.

Video Games Do Not Cause Violence - 1619 Words

Video game violence has been a discussion dating back to games like Pac-Man and Space Invaders to current games like Call of Duty and Mario. Many people are lead to believe that video games can cause children to act violent. However, video games do not cause violence in children. Video games can help in many ways either in society, people with certain disorders, or improve some mental issues. Video games help shape society in the way they bring people together. Video games are said to bring kindness and prosocial behavior to people. While juvenile crime are decreasing and do not cause any shooting spree. Statistics taken within the United States show â€Å"the number of youth offenders†¦ fell more than half between 1994 and 2010—while video game sales more than double since 1996†(Kain). The number of children playing video games grows each year while juvenile crimes are decreasing. Since, children are easily able to require video games, they will usually become to engage in the game and spend most of their time indoors playing by themselves or with friends. They feel the less need to go out and do something they shouldn’t do. The more time spent playing video games, the less time and determine they will have to go out and commit crimes. When buying a video game they are not just for playing, but â€Å"[s]ocial and prosocial are [part of the pack age] of the gaming experience with games rapidly learning social skills that could generalize to social relationships in the real world† (â€Å"AreShow MoreRelatedDo Video Games Cause Violence?752 Words   |  3 Pageswith, video games are something kids, teens, and even adults enjoy playing every day. Video games have provided people endless hours of entertainment to people across the globe, yet people seemingly want to get rid of video games altogether. Whenever any sort of crime occurs and a report comes out that the individual plays video games, video games take the blame rather than the person who committed the crime. Video games tend to be a very common scapegoat for causing violence. However, video gamesRead MoreViolent Video Games Do Not Cause Violence And Aggression1527 Words   |  7 PagesViolent Video Games Over the past few years, the United States has seen violence that has come from the inside of the country. Various high schools, have had shootings inside of them from some of the high school students that go to that specific school. Some experts blame the shootings by categorizing the students as someone who has been tormented and bullied basically most of life, while other experts believe the shootings were caused by the violence in video games. There has been a lot of nation-wideRead More Violent Video Games Do Not Cause Violence Essay3060 Words   |  13 Pages Do violent video games increase aggression in the people who play them? If so then video games could be responsible for much of the bad news we hear on television. Are video games responsible for school shootings? Do producers of video games need to tone down the violence? What will happen if video games become more and more violent and realistic? On the other hand, are video games to blame at all for the increase of violence in kids? When violence in video games started to increase, peopleRead MoreViolent Video Games Do NOT Cause Violence Essay1827 Words   |  8 Pagesblame video games as the target and cause of many shootings that have occurred, ever since Columbine and Quake. People have been blaming video games for violence for years now, ever since violent video games have been made. News reports blame video games more and more for each shooting, telling the public how this person played video games for x amount of hours a day, and that video games caused him or her to shoot people, and how video games encourage and reward violence. Anti-video game lobbyistsRead MoreEssay about Do Video Games really Cause Violence?1028 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"No one is suggesting that [violent video games are] the only reason they went out and committed those horrific acts, but was it a tipping point? Was it something that pushed them over the edge? Was it a factor in that? Perhaps. That’s a re ally big deal,† This is a really controversial subject amongst gamers and parents, on whether violent video games cause real-life violence. Lots of people think they do, while lots of people think they don’t. There is research that points both ways in the subjectRead MoreDo Violent Video Games Cause Violence in Childen1049 Words   |  5 PagesDo Violent Video Games Influence Youth Violence Noel Averruz EN1420 ITT-Technical Institute Ever Since Violent Video Games were invented People have been trying to prove that they influence Violence in Juveniles. Although many prospective studies have been done on video game violence and the affect they have on the youth, none have been able to completely validate the claim that violent video games do influence the youth to become violent in their everyday lives. Out of the many studies thatRead MoreNegative Effects Of Violent Video Games712 Words   |  3 PagesHave you heard? Many people are debating whether or not Violent Video Games cause kids to be aggressive and violent. While others, like myself agree violent video games aren’t the problem of violence, real-life violence is. And therefore, you should to why, because Violent Video games allow kids especially boys to let out anger and relax themselves from emotions. It also helps entertain kids. And creates less real-world aggression. Kids already know the difference between virtual and reality byRead MoreDo Violent Video Games Make People More Violent?1277 Words   |  6 PagesDo Violent Video Games Make People More Violent in Real Life? The American Psychological Association reports that more than 90% of children in the United States play video games.Among kids between the ages of 12 and 17, the number rises to 97%. The psychological group also reported that 85% or more of video games on the market contain some form of violence (Do Video Games Lead to Violence). A video game may be considered violent if it contains â€Å"violent† language, gore/blood, and crime. Video gamesRead MoreViolent Video Games Cause Violence : Cause Of Violence And Video Games1377 Words   |  6 PagesLit. 27 November 2017 The Blame Game Statistically, 2017 has become the year with second lowest crimes rates since 1990, assuming there isn’t a big resurgence in violent crime between now and the end of the year (Bump). However, violent crimes continue to be a problem in modern-day America. Many have sought out to find out the root of these crimes and what causes them, and as a result, many different things have been cited as a cause for violence. Violent video games are said to be a possible sourceRead MoreVideo Games Do Not Cause Violent Behavior855 Words   |  4 PagesVideo games do not cause violent behavior The advancement of technology in the contemporary word has increased the use of video games by children, teenagers and young adults. The video games have existed for almost three decades and the controversy of their causing violent behavior spans the same period (Porter and Starcevic,422). The release of Death Race game in 1970s initiated a debate with organizations, governments officials and other institution taking sides in the argument of whether violent